Spraying apparatus.



J. I. THORNYOROFT. SPRAYING APPARATUS;

AZPLIGATION FILED JANA. 1507 957,014. 'Patnted May 3, 1910.

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saw-4W q mam 2 M 1% I J. I. THORNYGROFT.

SPRAYING APPARATUS. PLICATIOR AP FILED JAN 1907 Patented May 3, 1910.

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' can I e inclined to the passage, .or holes UNITED sTA'ijE JOHN ISAAC THORNYCROFT, OF CHISWICK, ENGLAND.

SPRAYIN G APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed Janua,ry.4, H07. Serial No- 359, 25..

R t nted May 3, 1910.

To all whom comm:

Be it known that I, Joan IsAAo THORNY- CROFT, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, nesidi at. Chiswiek, in the county .of l\ liddlesex?ngland, have invented Ini rovements in or Relating to Spraying li p arat-us, oil which thefollmving is a speci cation.

This invention has reference to apparatus for spraying liquid, more particularly for spraying liquid fuel into furnaces such as those of steam :boilers 41nd the like, in which the liquid is caused to flow under pressure through one or more holes or passages of comparatively small section and non-annm la'r shape, as distinguished from an annular passage formed between stationary and 11lovable conical members that are relatively movable in an axial direction.

In spraying apparatus .of the kind referred to as heretofore constructed, the holes or passages nave usually been formed through a solid head or plate and arranged in'an annular series around the axis of the apparatus and inclined thereto so that the issuing streams will impinge upon one an- .ot her.

In spraying apparatus of the type-re ferred to constructed according eiIO the presentinvention, "the liquid discharge hole .or

)a'ssage, or each hole or passage, is formed etween two nelatively movable members 1min" adjacent parts thereof shaped to interloc .ornugage with each other in such a n'mnner that upon moving such members relatively to each otlu-r, there will be funded at the parts where the members interlock .or

.eugage, 'one or more liquid discharge passages the cross sectional area'of which, or of each of .whielncan IbQ- varied throughout its len th wihhin wide limits and can be en iii-rely closed, .and which or each of which axis of the discharge apparatus, and arranged to dischar e the liquid more or less tangentiallyfofthe discharge orifice, so t-ha-t'the rate of en 'plygof liquid can be varied Without throttg inglor wire-drawing and in t-heevent' of thii 'hj e or, ng o 'str'ucted nozzle of-jhe y so id matter, the hole .or or passages, can 'be' sudenly opened to a greater extent to .enahle the obstructing matter to :be readilyremoved y e sudden rush of a greater quantity of praying .apparatus [of this kind liquid.

\VRIIOUS terms.

I supplyingoil to the furnace eta steam enassa .e, or any of them, be

'of the plug, El {1 can conv pient l be formed orator. Fig. '3 is, a side elevation and Fig. 41 an end view, the movable member or plug of the nonzle shown in 1 1111213. F-ig. 5 shows the nozzle in longitudinal sect'on, 6 and '7 are cross sections of the plug andnozz le corresponding to the line A A of Fi s. 3 and 5, the two parts being shown in di erentrelative posit-ions in the two figures.

a is the c'asin or body from which the-oil fuel, introduce through an inlet pipe 6, is to be discharged through the nozzle '6.

(Z is the adjustable plug of {the nozzle having its front end portion of truncated conical shape and its tear or base end portion of cylindrical shape, as shown. The conical end of the plug is, in the example, formed with three he lie'a lsurfaces 1 each terminating ina step IA hat is inclined to a line It eonneeting corresponding diameters at the base and apex end of the truncated cone and "ly inan imaginary plane containing the axis 11c he'l-icnl'suratace f and step by, l'nOllll'fiIig the plug in a hoh er loywhichit can he rotated in a stepFby step manner and simnl- 'taneously ad-i'a-ced to a smalluextent and causi-n a slottingtool to pass endw'ise over and ta (e a cut from the eonicalend of 'the plug in the requiued angular direction of the ste p after ea-oh rotor-y and 'fOY-WHP'Cl movement, so that 'th the line as w to :thestep g in advance is removed from the .eon'ieail end of ohe lu e p ug'is iihen moved backward inan axial meet-ion and the operation repeated stow forming the incest helical surface f and etc an soon for each helical surface and step.

particularly described and pointed out of the gnaduailly increasing thickness from bot-h to an enlarged scale, of

its

lots

As the cutting is effected in adirection iiiclined to the said line it, each helical surface f will of course; be slight] concave as seen in a longitudinal section the cone containing the axis of the plug. llhe inner surface of the nozzle 0 is similarly formed with corresponding helical surfaces and steps 9 so that the surfaces and steps on the one part closely fit those on the other. .The forward end of the plug d is preferably formed with a central cavit d, and the nozzle cis formed with a centra 1y arranged exit aperture 0 of circular section. 2' is a cap or ring screwed onto the casing a so as to hold the nozzle 0 in place therein. The arrangement is such that as the plug d is partially rotated in'the nozzle 0, the stepped-portions g of the plug and g ofthe noz'zleywhich are no.1- mally in contact, as shown in Fig. 6', 'when .the oil supply is arrested, will recede one from the ot er and form longitudinally ex tendin exit passages k, as shown in Fig. 7, throng which. the oil will fiow in an inclined or tangential direction from the cas: ing a of the apparatus to the exit a erture c where it will mpinge at an ang e against the wall-ofsuch aperture so that a rotary motion will be imparted to *it'and will-thence escape over the outer edge of the aperture in the .formof'a ;;thin hollow body and finallybreak '11 intoa finely divided state or spray. It wi 1 be understood that'b' reason of the helical formation of the "sur aces :f,'j i the plug d while being partly rotated, is simul taneously retracted and that the size'of .the

exit passages is will vary withthefextehtlof such rotation In the example illustrated the maxinin n effective rotation i'sconfined to an angle of 120. i The number of steps 9'', g and corresponding helical surfaces f, f on the plug :0! and nozzle 0 respectively, .and consequentlythe number of oil passages Io, can be varied .to

suit requirement. There may. be'onlyfone or two of each, or more than three.

Rotarymovern'entof the-plug d can be.

' efi'ected by securing the-same to a rotary spindlp 0., conveniently by .a 4 pin o? fixed" to the spindleand extendin through a slot d 'in the' plug so that the pug can movein an endwise direction while the spindle is prevented from moving 'endwise. In the examdpleg the plug dis carried by" the forward en of the spindle upon which it can slide to asmall extent. The spindle 0 extends.

. through astiifiing box a. and gland a? to the exterior of the casing a and may be formed witha collar vfaliavinga part spherical surface at 0 arranged tobear against a similar surface in the casing a. p a coiled spring arranged between the plugd and the collar 0 on the spindle so that it tends to force the plug dfo'rward into the nozzle 0.- The outerend of the spindle 0 is provided. with-a hand sages each of'w 'innensurface of the wall of am lever g adapted .to bear against an adjust orifice and i completely ablestop r. This stop is shown as a pin carried by a plate s-that iscapable of being adjusted on the casing'a and of being fixed thereto by a bolt t extending through a segmental slot-u in a flange 'v on the casing. The hand lever g is formed with a finger or indicator w arranged to work in proximity to a scale m on the flange '0 so that the condition of oil supply prevailing at any time can be again restored after having been once disturbed.

The spindle 0 and plug d can, when re quired, be rotated by the hand lever g and caused to move backward "against the action, of the spring p to open the exit passages It 'to the required amount, the lever spindle and plug being held in place by thestop 1' which is adjusted to bear against the lever and; prevent its return. The l ever is; however free -to lie-turned to afii-rtlier extent,

limited by'a stopr in order to temporarily increase the size of the discharge passages A:

and so assist in removin any matter which 'may have becomelodge therein or impede the flow of the oil therethroiigh, in" which case as soon as the hand lever is released, the spring p will cause the plug dfto automatically return to'the proper operative position.

{By the construction described "it be seen that upon removal the screw cap vor ring '5, the spindle 0,, plug d, andno'zzle' c can be easily put in place or removed i The details of construction can be yariously nodified. i What I claim is bythe-said interengaging parts,, which can be opened to varying extents by axial. 1nove nient of. one of: said nozzle elements relatively to the other 'nozzle element; and

which can be closed by i'elllative axial move. ment of said nozzle elem'e y direction.

2. Liqui spraying apparatus comprising coacting' 'ain nozzle elementsthat are con stantly inucontact with each otherjahd-the outer of wh ch is provided with a forwardly extending d schai-ge orifice said nozzle elc ments having inter-engaging parts'a rranged to form by and between thein the walls of a plurality of? separate liquid discharge pasich is arranged to-(lischargc liquid in an inclined direction h inst thc barge 'isvcompletely bounded all arpun'd its contour (sin the. opposite 1 ,lOO 1. Liquid sprayingapparatus comprising 1 coacting main nozzle element s. theouter of its contour-by the said inter-engaging parts direction and to move apart to open the said and all of w iich' can be opened simultanepassage to varying extents by combined roously to varying extents by axial movement tary and axial movement of the said movof one of said nozzle elements relatively to able element in the opposite direction.

but While still maintained in contact with 6. In liquid spraying apparatus, a liquid 70 the other nozzle element and which can be I discharge nozzle comprising a fixed element clos'edb relative .ax-ia-l movement of said having a contracted forwardly extending nozzle e ements in the opposite direction. discharge orifice, and a movable element, Liquid spraying apparatus comprising said elements having part-s arranged to at 10 coasting main nozzle e ements that are can all times, fit one into the other and form he 7a stantly in contact with each other and the tween them aplurality of liquid discharge outer of which is provided with a forwardly passages each inclined forwardly, inwardly extending tubular discharge orifice, said and across the axis of the discharge nozzle nozzle elements having inter-engaging parts so as to discharge liquid in an inclined direc'. arranged to" form b and between them'the tion against the inner surface of'the wall of 80 wallsmfa narrow liquid discharge passage said discharge orifice and closed in allaround that is incliilod-inwardl toward said disby the inter-engaging segmental parts and charge orifice but oblique y to theeixis therccapable of being collectively closed by comof and is completely bounded all around its hined rotary and axial movement of the contour by the said inter-en a 'nqparts, the movable element of the nozzle in one-direc- 85 cross sectional area of sai di sc harge pastion and of being opened to various extentssageIbeing-varied by axial movement of one by combined rotary and axial movement of of said nozzle elements relatively .to but the said movable element in the opposite while. still maintained in contact with the direct-i011."

other nozzle element and which can be 7. Liquid sprayingapparatus comprising 9Q closed by relative axialmovement of said a stationary nozzle'havmg interior assageelementsmzthe opposite direction." i. way components and a tubular discharge 4. Liquid spraying a para'tns'comprising port-ion that extends beyond saidpassa'gcco-acting main-nozzle ements that are con-- way components and the cross sectional area stantlydn contact with each other and the of which radually decreases in a forward outerofwhiclnis-provided with-a contracted direction or part of its length and then forwardly extending-tubular discharge oril continues of substantially constant cross secficethej nner surface of whose wal sis of tion, an interior plug in constant engagecurvedsfhape in' longitudinal section at its ment with said nozzle and having thereon 35 inner end' said nozzle elements having interexterior passageway components; and engaging parts arranged to -form by and he means for retracting and advancing the plug tween them -thewalls-of-a plurality of sepwithin the nozzle to alter the relative posiarate .liquld Jdisharge "passages each of tion of the respective passage-way compowhich is'lnclin-ed obli uely across the axis of nents and thereby vary the cross sectional 40 the orifice so as to ischarge liquid in an area of the pa'fssage-ways'formed by and bc- 10o inclined .clirectionja ainst the inner surface tween said components. of the wall offsaicl discharge orifice, and 8. Liquid; spraying apparatuscomprising each' of which passages is completely bound a nozzle having a contracted iforwardly e. ed all around its contour by the said intertendin discharge. orifice and a plurality of sa hfgagingpartsand-can beopened and closed Seglneliltll passageway com onents ar- 119 to'varying extents by axial movement of one ranged obliquely to the axis 0 said-orifice, of said, nozzle elements relatively to but a nozzle plug arran ed within and in conwhile st'illlmailntained in contact with the stant engagement with the nozzle and proother nozzle element ,v'ided with segmental exterior'passage-wa 5D 5. In liquid spraying apparatus, a. liquid components, ancl'means. for retracting the 4 discharge nozzle comprising a fixed element plug'to alter the position of the plug pashaving nrforwardlyk extending discharge sage-way components with respect to the orifice andamovableelement, said elements .nozzle passage-way components in accordhaving' parts arran ed to at all timesfit one ance'with the said retrac'tive movement and 56 'into the 0 her an form tween them a t ereby vary the cross sectional area 'of the. 120 iquiddischargeipassage inclined obliquely passage-ways formed by and-betweeiFsaid acmss;the.. axis'bf the dischar ei-n-ozzle so as components. V I I to disc ili'gle-liquid inan" inc ined direction 9. Liquid spraying alppttratus comprising againsttlre inner sur ace of thewall-of said an inclosing-memberaving a contracted 60 discharge orifice and closed in all around by forwardly extending tubular dischar orit e inter-engaging parts, said 'inter-engagfi'ce and a recessed portion con'stitutin one ing parts being arran to move toward wall of aliquid discharge assa'ge that exeaclrother' and close saddischarge'passage tends forwardly and inwar y and obliquely y com incd rotary "and axialmovement of toward the inner surface'of the wall of said.

as the movable element of" the nozzle in one discharge orifice, an inner member having-18 a projecting portion constitutin the rei-eod conical extremity from the surface of mainder of the liquid passage wa l and arwhich a part has been removed to constitute ranged to extend into and enga e the said a helical surface and step, the fixed no'yitle recessed portion, and means or axially part being shaped to correspond so that relamoving the inner member within the inelostive rotary motion between the two parts 70- ingjnember to irary the distance between the will cause a passa e of varying size to passage 'alls. produced between t ie stepson the said parts: 10; Liquid spraying vapparatus; compris- 15. in ,llquid spraying apparatus,;,. the. ing -an .inelosing member p t h vi having recessed combination with a fixed n jozz I. 10' portions therein and'a contracted discharge a discharge riiice,'0f a plug liaving e tron-J orifice common to and extending beyond j' 601116111 xt ity f m WFSU 93 .0 said'recessed portions, an inner member hav- P1111 has been m d. iQfb I i lw ing projecting portions thereon arranged a hc l1 cal surface and a step t m "'18; inclinedto enter-and engage the recessed portions in direction to a line JOm g G I SI 1 g 5 of said inclosing member, and means for IIlIHmOtQP-S t t -and. ap xn 11 1? axially moving the inner member within 'UI fi a r y,thwfixed-nq the iii-closing meniher so that opposite parts Z P belng shaped P S6 3 of the recessed and projecting portions are a l c 'ota'ry movement,between the two a ,in continuous contact in one osition and Paris n (time a p ag i ra yi g 't 0 arese'parated from each other retraction w gl q e n a g pa ts Y 8 of the inner member to produce independent l 1 i PPa' i1t ,l discharge )assages that extend forwardly Cmllbmatlml\Wmt flqfixe e' -h mgfi and inwar ly' and obliquely across-the axis 'g if q Q Q R fljll QXi P-I ISiOIidf af the a.ppamtus surface which in general is that of n holloyv llflLiquid spraying ap aratus compristruncated O P 'J 9d i i *'9bing 'tiVQ relatively rotate 1e members one fflflfiillld pvtentlang 'fIOITI JiIB a. x to II withinmthe-o ier, stepped portions on the the Pi". ving ii fifi inner-surfataqmf the outenimetnber, corre- I I II I I spon'dingustepped portions on the outer surt t 0m: invent the lnnermember, and means for P m- I I rotating one member with respect'to the 1 flll'fiwesemdst? 99 1 to other-so tl att-ithe ste pod portions of the helical lfi I I I inner-member recede rom the stepped por- "Wile 13""- SO that ry 9i!! gffih. tioi a of' the outer member with one dircc-- P 't! T'I HIV-nozzle will, 3 tion ofrotatioirand produce passages which P ag s the inl i ti lif l collectively are variable in cross sectional YL "R 51 4 9 l t lfi area throughout their length in accordance p fl p ym i p m 1 JK P Witltitll'l, dxtent of rotation while rotation of g P 'lg tlfl 'l Pl l the inner member in the opposite direction ljf d a s p lC fidth flgtlk 40 time said passages. v l "g fl p ghe e aje -'10sl...ln liquid spraying a paratus,- the f Wh -Ive r tation to forma *..1 SQ W1gQ combination with a fixed nozz e part having P of Y 'y 13 935 WUQ WU W li a discharge orifice of circular section, of an 1 Q a wfl i lld j 9 interior plug-icapahle' olf'a combined axial y CW5? "'9= '9 which conical II f, the

i and. rotary movement with respect to the p g nozzle in a Q U 6165957311114 110' interlor plug eapahleofi-a; combined axial axis-0f th-QJ lfP dischargegprifice, of a-lplughavingia-trunnot of endyviseino'vcment and toQ-W'hrc I l i v I I iixedapart, the co'acting surfacesof thesaid l fk I I c 15111;; and-fixcd-part' being stepped to permit l 'q P YQ g PP E Y EWS fl pfizlg of there being formed betweenthern while having 'h 'g Q 'fi 9 P S 1 .7 in cofitactya passage the crosszsectiortal-area l "g'" r ta m lt y; y Y

50 of w-iich is dependent ,upon the extent of e =l mea sac g t e nd P ng 115 said combiiied4noirement. '1!1tQSa1d 0 e emple 11 5 '1'3JTn -lliquid sprayinga 'paratus, the llavlllf; P 'X Pi 31 l i .jcombinatiou with a fixed nozz e parthaving faces "Bil pl 'a ty q tep zglcc fidib a discl'iarge orifice of circular section, of an Q Build fil Q and Inclined mil? and rotary movement with respectv to the In l'm i H fix-ed partathe (ac-actingsurfaces of the 'said nfl ti n w h 11 Qf fpt t plug and fixed iart heiig stepped to admit dischargeorlhce df"t'pliigoapabie'o of there heing'iormedi between them while 2 9 axial i V i in con-tact a plurali oft-separate passages nozzleand stepped to' forrr r that can lg iopQned a: sgidin accordance 111d x1tpassagethe S said movement. Y whic can be varied at wilh g- Qr It v 1. Tn liquid .spra.v.ii1g apparatus; the ed to opg'ose the opening moiren" nt combinetit n with a xed nozzle having a plugyan a spindle c'apable'of )raying appa' is', the

ieal extreinitvfpro onggld atthe lase autism eicap'a 'movement in said nozzle and stepped to one direction. I k 21. In liquid spraying apparatus, the complug is connected so as to-turn therewith but to move endwisn independently thereof.

20. In liquid spraying apparatus, the com-- hination with a fixed nozzle having a dischar e orifice of circular section, of a plug l ile of a combined axial and rotary form therewith an exit passage the cross sectional area ofwhich-can be varied-at- Wsll, aspmdle capable of rotation but not ofrendwrse motion and engaged with said plug, a spring arranged to oppose the axial opening movement of said plug, and an adjustable stop for limiting the extent of rotary mo'vement'of said plug and spindle in hination with a fixed nozzle having a cylindrical-discharge orifice, of a plug capable of a combined axial and-rotary movement with res iiect to said nozzle, the co-acting surfaces of said plug and nozzle being stepped to enable a plurality of independent forwardly extending liquid exit passages to be formed between them which can -be opened and closed in accordance with .the movement aforesaid, a spring acting to oppose move- ,ment of the plug 1n one direction, means whereby said lug can be manually moved to enable the l quid exit passages to be temporarily varied in size,.and an adjustable stop for limiting the extent of movement in one direction "of said manually operated means and. lug.

22. Liqui fuel spraying apparatus cominlet or liquid under pressure, a fixed noz zle having a truncated conical orifice terinlnating at the apex end in a central (11scharge orifice, a plug having a truncated helical extremity prolonged at the base end in cylindrical form,- forwardly extending 'pri sin in combination, a body or casing, an

steps on the'helical' surfaces, inclined to a line joining corresponding diameters-yatthe base and apex end and formed by removal of parts ofthe conical surface of the plug;

correspondingly shaped steps. and helical surfaces in the interior of the fixed noz'zle, a spindle connectedto the plug, a spring encircling said spindle and acting against said plug a handleby whiph the s indle and plug can be moved to tem orari y vary the size of-the passages for ne by and between the stepped ortions of said nozzle andplug, an adjustab e stop forlimitin the angular movement of said spindle an 4 plug in one direction, and an indicator and scalefo'r 'set- 

